Thorium — Th
Grundämnet Thorium är ett grundämne av typen Metallaktinider med symbolen Th. Det har en atommassa på 232.0377 u och elektronkonfigurationen [Rn] 6d2 7s2.
Synthétique
Radioactif
Liquide
Gaz
4787°
3
4
8
18
32
18
10
2
- Atomnummer
- 90
- Atommassa
- 232.0377
- Symbol
- Th
- Smältpunkt
- 1750
- Kokpunkt
- 4787
- Densitet
- 11.72
- Period
- 7
- Grupp
- 0
- Upptäckt
- 1828 Berzelius
- Förekomst
- 9.6
- Radie
- 0
- Elektronegativitet
- 1.3
- Jonisering
- 6.3067
- Isotop
- 12
- Elektronkonfiguration
- [Rn] 6d2 7s2
- Oxidationstillstånd
- 2,3,4
- Elektron
- 2,8,18,32,18,10,2
Mineraler som innehåller Thorium
| förnamn | Hårdhet | Densitet | Kemisk formel |
|---|---|---|---|
| Aeschynite-(Ce) | — | 5.19 | (Ce,Ca,Fe,Th)(Ti,Nb)2(O,OH)6 |
| Aeschynite-(Y) | — | 4.85 | (Y,Ca,Th)(Ti,Nb)2(O,OH)6 |
| Allanite-(La) | — | 3.93 | CaLaAl2Fe2+(Si2O7)(SiO4)O(OH) |
| Althupite | — | 3.90 | AlTh(UO2)7(PO4)4O2(OH)5·15H2O |
| Arapovite | — | 3.43 | (K1-xx)(Ca,Na)2U4+Si8O20 (x~0.5) |
| Aspedamite | — | 4.07 | 12(Fe3+,Fe2+)3Nb4[Th(Nb,Fe3+)12O42](H2O,OH)12 |
| Brabantite | — | 4.72 | CaTh(PO4)2 |
| Britholite-(Ce) | — | 4.20 | (Ce,Ca)5(SiO4)3OH |
| Brockite | — | 3.70 | (Ca,Th,Ce)PO4·H2O |
| Bussyite-(Ce) | — | 3.00 | (Na,H2O)6(Ce,REE)3Be5MnSi9(O,OH)30F4 |
| Cabvinite | — | 0.00 | Th2F7(OH)·3H2O |
| Calciobetafite | — | 4.20 | (Ca,Na)2(Nb,Ti)2(O,OH)7 |
| Cerianite-(Ce) | — | 7.22 | CeO2 |
| Cervandonite-(Ce) | — | 0.00 | (Ce,Nd,La)(Fe3+,Ti,Fe2+,Al)3O2(Si2O7)1-x+y(AsO3)1+x-y(OH)3x-3y, x=0.5, y=0.3 |
| Cheralite | — | 5.00 | CaTh(PO4)2 |
| Chevkinite-(Ce) | — | 4.50 | Ce4(Ti,Fe2+,Fe3+)5O8(Si2O7)2 |
| Ciprianiite | — | 0.00 | Ca4(Th,REE)2Al(B4Si4O22)(OH)2 |
| Coutinhoite | — | 0.00 | ThxBa1-2x(UO2)2Si5O13·3H2O |
| Dingdaohengite-(Ce) | — | 4.83 | (Ce3+,La)4Fe2+(Ti,Fe2+,Mg,Fe3+)2Ti2Si4O22 |
| Dissakisite-(La) | — | 3.79 | CaLaMgAl2(Si2O7)(SiO4)O(OH) |
| Ekanite | — | 3.08 | Ca2ThSi8O20 |
| Euxenite-(Y) | — | 4.70 | (Y,Ca,Ce,U,Th)(Nb,Ta,Ti)2O6 |
| Eylettersite | — | 3.38 | Th0.75Al3(PO4)2(OH)6 |
| Fersmite | — | 4.69 | (Ca,Ce,Na)(Nb,Ta,Ti)2(O,OH,F)6 |
| Fluorbritholite-(Ce) | — | 4.66 | (Ce,Ca)5(SiO4)3F |
| Fluorcalciobritholite | — | 4.20 | (Ca,REE)5(SiO4,PO4)3F |
| Grayite | — | 3.70 | (Th,Pb,Ca)PO4·H2O |
| Huttonite | — | 7.10 | ThSiO4 |
| Hydroxymanganopyrochlore | — | 5.40 | (Mn,Th,Na,Ca,REE)2(Nb,Ti)2O6(OH) |
| Ichnusaite | — | 4.26 | Th(MoO4)2·3H2O |
| Ilímaussite-(Ce) | — | 3.60 | (Ba,Na)10K3Na4.5Ce5(Nb,Ti)6O6(Si12O36)(Si9O18)(O,OH)24 |
| Iraqite-(La) | — | 3.27 | KCa4(La,Ce,Th)2Si16O40 |
| Iwashiroite-(Y) | — | 7.10 | YTaO4 |
| Karnasurtite-(Ce) | — | 2.89 | CeTiAlSi2O7(OH)4·3H2O |
| Kuannersuite-(Ce) | — | 4.66 | Na2Ce2Ba6(PO4)6FCl |
| Kukharenkoite-(La) | — | 4.65 | Ba2La(CO3)3F |
| Lakargiite | — | 4.59 | CaZrO3 |
| Loparite-(Ce) | — | 4.77 | (Na,Ce,Sr)(Ce,Th)(Ti,Nb)2O6 |
| Melanocerite-(Ce) | — | 4.13 | Ce5(SiO4,BO4)3(OH,O) |
| Menezesite | — | 4.18 | Ba3MgZr4Nb12O42·12H2O |
| Monazite-(Ce) | — | 4.80 | CePO4 |
| Monazite-(La) | — | 4.80 | LaPO4 |
| Monazite-(Nd) | — | 4.80 | NdPO4 |
| Monazite-(Sm) | — | 5.51 | SmPO4 |
| Mottanaite-(Ce) | — | 3.61 | Ca4(CeCa)AlBe2(B4Si4O22)O2 |
| Nioboaeschynite-(Y) | — | 5.34 | (Y,REE,Ca,Th,Fe)(Nb,Ti,Ta)2(O,OH)6 |
| Nuragheite | — | 5.15 | Th(MoO4)2·H2O |
| Okanoganite-(Y) | — | 4.35 | (Y,REE,Ca,Na,Th)16(Fe3+,Ti)(Si,B,P)10(O,OH)38F10 |
| Perrierite-(Ce) | — | 4.29 | Ce4MgFe3+2Ti4+2O8(Si2O7)2 |
| Piergorite-(Ce) | — | 0.00 | Ca8Ce2AlLiSi6B8O36(OH)2 |
| Polyakovite-(Ce) | — | 4.75 | (Ce,Ca)4MgCr2(Ti,Nb)2Si4O22 |
| Polycrase-(Y) | — | 4.97 | Y(Ti,Nb)2(O,OH)6 |
| Proshchenkoite-(Y) | — | 4.72 | (Y,REE,Ca,Na,Mn)15CaFe2+(P,Si)Si6B3O34F14 |
| Samarskite-(Yb) | — | 7.03 | YbNbO4 |
| Saryarkite-(Y) | — | 3.07 | Ca(Y,Th)Al5(SiO4)2(PO4)2(OH)7·6H2O |
| Sazhinite-(La) | — | 0.00 | Na3LaSi6O15·2H2O |
| Smirnovskite | — | 0.00 | (Th,Ca)PO4·nH2O |
| Steacyite | — | 2.95 | K0.3(Na,Ca)2ThSi8O20 |
| Steenstrupine-(Ce) | — | 3.40 | Na14Ce6Mn2+2Fe3+2Zr(PO4)7Si12O36(OH)2·3H2O |
| Thorbastnäsite | — | 4.04 | ThCa(CO3)2F2·3H2O |
| Thorianite | — | 10.00 | ThO2 |
| Thoriopyrochlore | — | 0.00 | (Ca,Th,Na,Ce)2(Nb,Zr,Ti,Fe)2(O,OH,F)7 |
| Thorite | — | 4.00 | ThSiO4 |
| Thornasite | — | 2.62 | Na12Th3(Si8O19)4·18H2O |
| Thorogummite | — | 5.40 | (Th,U6+)[(SiO4),(OH)4] |
| Thorosteenstrupine | — | 3.02 | (Ca,Th,Mn)3Si4O11F·6H2O |
| Thorsite | — | 0.00 | Th2CaSi9O22(OH)2·nH2O |
| Thorutite | — | 5.82 | (Th,U,Ca)Ti2(O,OH)6 |
| Tritomite-(Ce) | — | 4.20 | Ce5(SiO4,BO4)3(OH,O) |
| Tuliokite | — | 3.15 | Na6BaTh(CO3)6·6H2O |
| Turkestanite | — | 3.36 | (K)(Ca,Na)2ThSi8O20·nH2O |
| Uedaite-(Ce) | — | 4.19 | Mn2+CeAl2Fe2+(Si2O7)(SiO4)O(OH) |
| Umbozerite | — | 3.60 | Na3Sr4ThSi8(O,OH)24 |
| Uranopolycrase | — | 5.50 | (U,Y)(Ti,Nb,Ta)2(O,OH)6 |
| Vicanite-(Ce) | — | 4.73 | (Ca,Ce,La,Th)15As5+(As3+,Na)0.5Fe3+0.7Si6B4(O,F)47 |
| Yakovenchukite-(Y) | — | 2.83 | K3NaCaY2Si12O30·4H2O |
| Yttrialite-(Y) | — | 4.58 | Y2Si2O7 |
| Yttrobetafite-(Y) | — | 3.65 | (Y,U,Ce)2(Ti,Nb,Ta)2(O,OH)7 |
| Yttrocrasite-(Y) | — | 4.80 | (Y,Th,Ca,U)(Ti,Fe)2(O,OH)6 |
| Zirconolite-3O | — | 4.70 | (Ca,Fe,Y,Th)2Fe(Ti,Nb)3Zr2O14 |
| Zirkelite | — | 4.70 | (Ti,Ca,Zr)O2-x |